GLOBALIZATION
AND EDUCATION
Global
Education and Globalization
What
is Globalization?
Ø Globalization
refers to the growing integration of economics worldwide through the increase
in trade, investment flows, and technology transfer. It means that there is an
elimination of global barriers to cultural exchange as well as communication.
What
are the functions of Globalization?
Ø Globalization
has many functions: first is to link individuals and institutions across the
world; to intensify interdependence; spread freedom, higher living standards
and sense of international relatedness.
What
is Global Education?
Ø According
to James Becker, “Global Education is the idea of a school curriculum that has
a worldwide standard of teaching and learning. It is an effort to help
individuals to see the world as a single and global system and to see
themselves as participants of that system.”
Ø Global
Education is an education that opens people’s eyes and minds to the realities
of the globalized world and awakens them to bring about a world of greater
justice, equity and Human Rights for all. It is also focused on learning for
our global society.
What
are the functions of global education?
Ø Global
Education aims to extend the student awareness of the world by opening them to
the diverse heritage of human thoughts, actions and creativity. It seeks to
prepare children to work together in an international marketplace. It also has
many functions namely: to nurture the higher order cognitive and interpersonal
skills required for problem finding, problem solving, articulating arguments
and deploying verifiable facts.
What
are the demands of globalization?
·
Improvement in the quality of education
·
Increases in the quantity of graduates and
other outputs
·
Efficiency in the way universities are
managed
·
Graduates with a global outlook
How
can we globalize education?
Ø Global
education will be possible by internationalizing the education system.
Isn’t
globalization similar with internationalization? Where does the difference
lies?
Globalization
and internationalization are related but not the same thing.
Ø Globalization is
the context of economic and academic trends that are part of the reality of the
21st century.
Ø Internationalization
includes the policies and practices undertaken by academic systems and
institutions—and even individuals—to cope with the global academic environment.
The motivations for internationalization include commercial advantage,
knowledge and language acquisition, enhancing the curriculum with international
content, and many others.
Internationalization
of Education
Ø “Internationalization
of education is the process of integrating an international/intercultural
dimension into the teaching, research and service functions of the
institution.” (Jane Knight, 1999)
Purpose
of the internationalization of higher education (ILO/WTO 2007 Report)
Ø “to
produce graduates who have the ability to be an active part in a globalized
society, able to communicate effectively in terms of linguistic skills,
technological skills and skill to deal with different institutions and
cultures, and are internationally competitive.”
What
makes a university international?
Ø “It
is the presence of a clear institution-wide positive attitude toward
understanding better other cultures and societies, learning more about the
political and economic interconnectedness of humankind, a genuine desire to
understand the major issues confronting the human and ecological survival of
planet earth and to learn how to cooperate with others across national and
cultural boundaries in seeking solutions to worlds problems, irrespective of
one’s own academic course of studies, career, profession or station in life.
Where such a positive international institutional attitude exists, it
inevitably translates itself gradually in the curriculum and the overall
university’s international, intercultural ethos.” (Maurice Harari, 1997)
How
can we internationalize the education system?
There are international strategies
dealing with internationalization of education:
Ø Cross-border
education
Ø Internationalizing
curriculum
To go deeper...
Ø Cross-border education
·
Student mobility
-
Students cross borders to receive foreign
education.
-
Trends:
1.
Bright students from developing countries
cross over to study in the world’s best universities.
2.
China and India are biggest exporters of
students.
3.
US, Great Britain, France, Germany and
Australia are favorite destinations.
4.
In Asia, Japan is most popular destination.
5.
Choice of country and university are
influenced by:
a.
Perceived quality and reputation of
university/education system
b.
Geography
c.
Historical connections to particular
countries
d.
Language
e.
Affordability
f.
Accessibility
g.
Possibility of subsequent migration
·
Program or institution mobility
-
Program or institution crosses borders.
·
Professor mobility
-
Professors cross borders.
Ø Internationalizing the Curriculum
·
Offering courses with international dimension
Prepared
by:
Salazar,
Janie J
No comments:
Post a Comment